At the Battle of Vicksburg a Confederate army under General John C. Pemberton surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant after a campaign that had beun on March 29. The South lost 8000 killed and wounded; and more then 29,000 surrendered. Union casualties were 8910. This loss of manpower and control of the Mississippi River, atop the loss at Gettysburg, doomed the Confederacy.